Components

When selecting the appropriate rubber stopper for any respective vial containment system, there are many aspects to consider regarding the properties of the elastomeric closure. For the purposes of this discussion, the focus will be on the functional performance of the stopper and what key aspects should be considered during the assessment and selection process. Coring and fragmentation, container closure integrity, and machinability of the stoppers will be briefly reviewed.

Development of vaccines for COVID-19 and its variants continues to present challenges such as accelerated timelines. Since there is not the usual time available for selection, evaluation, and qualification of the package and delivery systems, risks must be mitigated at every phase. For vaccines packaged in prefilled syringes, use of an elastomer plunger laminated with FluroTec^® film can help.

One of the challenges of sharing technical content is making the material engaging and easily digestible to many different types of learners. It must not only be scientifically accurate, but also needs to capture and keep the attention of the intended audience. The Knowledge Center on West’s website is a valuable repository of written and presented materials, created by the experts who develop and test our products. It is also now home to the Learning Center, a section of the Knowledge Center that shares information on a more introductory level, aimed at new employees or companies that are new to packaging. In an effort to continue enhancing our website content, we are now also starting to add new types of media. In the age of podcasts and vlogs (video blogs), we understand that video and audio are just as helpful (maybe more so!) for people trying to grasp a new concept.

Some pharmaceutical substances, such as proteins, monoclonal antibodies, enzymes, and vaccines, are unstable in solution. They can degrade, for example by enzymatic or hydrolytic reactions. Lyophilization (also called freeze-drying) is the most common approach to address this.* Lyophilization is the process of dehydrating a material at low temperature and reduced pressure. Absent water, the rates of degradative enzymatic/hydrolytic processes are reduced substantially, and thus drug product stability is improved.

Liquid injectable drugs can be contained in a pre-filled syringe system, a cartridge-based system, or a vial-based system (with a rubber stopper and seal). For a vial-based system, the drugs first are aseptically filled into glass or polymer vials. During the subsequent Fill & Finish operations, the vials are closed temporarily by inserting a rubber stopper into the vial orifice. This is prior to crimping with an aluminum seal, which results in the final integral vial-based container closure system.

For any drug, selection of the appropriate primary packaging components is essential to having a containment system that ensures quality, safety, and stability. The primary packaging components are selected based on various factors, which include chemical compatibility with the drug product ingredients and dimensional fit with mating packaging components. Optimized fit among mating packaging components is essential for flawless fill-finish processing.